=>Digital Rupee:
About India's Digital Rupee (e₹)
- It is a digital form of fiat currency, issued and regulated by the RBI.
- It is currently in pilot mode (ongoing with 15 Banks), since December 2022, to test and explore the uses/ features/ technology and applications of Digital Rupee.
- It is available in the same denominations as physical currency.
- It is legal tender and is the liability of Reserve Bank of India (as per Section 26 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934).
Why in news?
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has indicated that it will soon commence limited pilot launches of e-rupee or Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), for specific use cases.
What is e-rupee?
- e-rupee or digital rupee is a digital version of the Indian rupee and is exchangeable one-to-one with the fiat currency.
- The digital rupee would appear as liability on a central bank’s balance sheet.
- Features- It must be accepted
- as a medium of payment
- as a legal tender
- as a safe store of value by all citizens, enterprises, and government agencies
- It is freely convertible against commercial bank money and cash.
- It is a fungible legal tender for which holders need not have a bank account.
- It is expected to lower the cost of issuance of money and transactions.
- Issuance- RBI will issue e-rupee and it cannot be mined like bitcoin.
- Interest- RBI is not in favour of e-rupee with interest.
- Anonymity- For e-rupee, the RBI concept note has proposed partial anonymity where small amounts can be anonymous but not large amounts.
=>Gold with the Indian household women: Indian Households Hold the World's Largest Private Gold Reserve 🇮🇳 📌Indian households own 25,488 tonnes of gold 🥇, making them the world's largest private holders of gold reserves.. According to the World Gold Council, Indian women collectively own around 25,448 tons of gold, which accounts for about 11% of the world's total .
=>1st batch of Brahmos from Lucknow plant: The BrahMos plant in Lucknow is a state-of-the-art BrahMos Integration and Testing Facility Center that was inaugurated on May 11, 2025, and has already begun producing missiles. The facility is part of the Uttar Pradesh Defense Industrial Corridor and aims to accelerate the production, integration, and assembly of BrahMos missiles for both national and international demand. The first batch of missiles from this facility was flagged off on October 18, 2025
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=>IMF applauds growth of the Indian Economy:
=>UPI extends to Qatar: Pay via UPI in Qatar! India expands digital payment network. India has expanded its digital payment network overseas, with the launch of the Unified Payment Interface (UPI) in Lulu Group’s Stores in Qatar.
=>H125 helicopter: Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) is set to establish India’s first private sector helicopter final assembly line (FAL) at Vemagal, Karnataka. This state-of-the-art facility will focus on assembling the versatile Airbus H125 helicopter.
=>Indian Economy results surprise the world: India delivers surprise 7.8% GDP growth rate in Q1 before US tariffs bite. India’s economy unexpectedly expanded 7.8% year-on-year in the April-June quarter, picking up from 7.4% in the previous three months, according to government data released.
With that, India remains the fastest growing major economy, as China’s GDP growth rate came in at 5.2% and United States’ at 3.3% in the three months to 30 June 2025.
=>Largest Economies & Their GDP per capita:
=>Total debt in the USA:
=>Total debt on India in July 2025: As of early 2025, the current total debt of India is estimated to be around ₹181.68 trillion (approximately $2.091 trillion), encompassing both internal and external debts.
=>Forex of India as of 9 May 2025: India's foreign exchange (forex) reserves hit a 7-month high after increasing $4.6 billion to $690.6 billion as of the week ended 9 May, 2025, according to the data collected from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
ndia's gold reserves in 2025 are 879.59 tonnes, a 7% increase from the previous year. As of March 31, 2025, RBI held 511.99 tonnes of gold domestically and 348.62 tonnes with international institutions like the Bank of England and the Bank for International Settlements. The share of gold in India's total forex reserves is 12%
World Bank reports India’s poverty reduction success, lifting 171 million from extreme poverty, with a 5.3% rate in 2022-23. India’s extreme poverty rate declined sharply to 5.3% over a decade from 27.1% in 2011-12, even as the World Bank revised upwards its threshold poverty line to $3 per day.
=> Number of billion companies, globally: There are 5,522 publicly listed companies worldwide that are valued at $1 billion or more. The United States leads with the most billion-dollar companies, followed by Japan and India. India, with 348 billion-dollar companies, holds a market capitalization of $3.75 trillion.
=>India & UK inked FTA: India and the UK reached a free trade agreement (FTA) that aims to boost economic ties between the world's fifth- and sixth-largest economies, among the first such global accords in the Trump tariff era.
=>Indian Economy is all set to be the 4th largest Economy: India is on track to become the world's fourth-largest economy in 2025, overtaking Japan, according to the latest World Economic Outlook released by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
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=>Top 10 richest states in India:
=>World Bank praises Indian Economy and the Economy policies:
Indian economy on a strong footing! The World Bank has revised upwards its projection for India's economic growth in the current fiscal year, increasing it to 7% from its previous estimate of 6.6%. The Indian economy grew at 6.7% in the first quarter of FY 2024-25.
=>Largest Global Economies as per GDPs:
=>Forbes world billionaire list 2025: Global business leaders and entrepreneurs have experienced an extraordinary rise in their wealth, significantly increasing their net worth through innovation and strategic foresight.
- Elon Musk ($342 billion), co-founder of Tesla and SpaceX.
- Mark Zuckerberg ($216 billion), co-founder of Facebook and CEO of Meta.
- Jeff Bezos ($215 billion), founder of Amazon.
- Larry Ellison ($192 billion), co-founder of tech giant Oracle.
Here are the top 10 richest Indians in 2025, according to the latest Forbes Billionaire list, along with their respective global rankings:
| India Rank | World Rank | Name | Net Worth (USD) | Source of Wealth |
| 1 | 18 | Mukesh Ambani | $95.4 B | Reliance Industries |
| 2 | 25 | Gautam Adani | $62.3 B | Adani Group |
| 3 | 37 | Shiv Nadar | $42.1 B | HCL Enterprise |
| 4 | 41 | Savitri Jindal & family | $38.5 B | O.P. Jindal Group |
| 5 | 59 | Dilip Shanghvi | $29.8 B | Sun Pharmaceutical Industries |
| 6 | 89 | Cyrus Poonawalla | $22.2 B | Serum Institute of India |
| 7 | 92 | Kumar Birla | $21.4 B | Aditya Birla Group |
| 8 | 106 | Kushal Pal Singh | $18.1 B | DLF Limited |
| 9 | 108 | Ravi Jaipuria | $17.9 B | Varun Beverages |
| 10 | 129 | Radhakishan Damani | $15.8 B | DMa |
=>The Creative Economy: The creative economy has become a powerful transformative force in the world today and is one of the most rapidly growing sectors of the world economy, not just in terms of income generation but also for job creation and export earnings. India is taking lead in growing this sector by becoming a $30 billion industry' now. However, besides facing issues related to intellectual properties, the creative industry also faces challenges from the competition faced by technology.
=>Knight Frank’s Wealth Report 2025: In March 2025, the London-based global property consultancy firm, Knight Frank, released the 19th edition of ‘The Wealth Report 2025’, providing a comprehensive analysis of the global distribution of wealth, where India stands 4th in Global wealth ranking..
=>India rank in steel production: India is at 2nd rung in steel production.
=>2 more PSUs are granted status of Navratna: These 2 PSU are
The government has approved the upgradation of two railway PSUs (public sector undertakings) to Navratna Central Public Sector Enterprises. The PSU that have received the upgrade are Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) and Indian Railway Finance Corporation) IRFC.
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