Constitutional acts led in 2024

Constitutional acts led in 2024 

=>The New Lady Justice Statue is unveiled: The Supreme Court unveiled the new 'Lady Justice' statue on Thursday, featuring a saree and without the traditional blindfold, conveying the powerful message that “the law is not blind in India.” Reports indicate that the statue was unveiled by Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud.

   

=>5 new classical languages have been approved by the cabinet:

The Union Cabinet has approved the recognition of five more languages as "classical," expanding the nation's list of culturally significant tongues.  

• Other than 5 languages, Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, & 

    Bengali have been included in the prestigious category.

• The 11 classical languages of India serve as custodians of the 

      nation's rich cultural heritage, representing key historical and cultural milestones for their communities. 

• Indian classical languages (Shastriya Bhasha) are languages with a rich historical legacy, profound literary traditions, and distinctive cultural heritage. 

=>Aparajita bill of West Bengal govt.:

Top 10 Key Points about Aparajita Bill

Here are 10 key points of the 'Aparajita' Bill, which aims to strengthen laws against rape and sexual offenses in West Bengal:

1. Death Penalty: The Bill passed in the Assembly contains the death penalty for individuals convicted of rape in cases that the crime results in the death of the victim or a permanent vegetative state.
2. Life Imprisonment: The bill also proposes life imprisonment for those accused of rape or gang rape. They will have to spend the rest of their lives in prison.
3. Repeat Offenders: For repeat offenders, the punishment will be life imprisonment or, in severe cases, the death penalty. The individual can also be levied with a financial fine in certain situations.
4. Amendments to BNS 2023: The Bill also proposes key changes to several sections of the Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita (BNS) 2023. The new bill focuses on stricter punishments for rape, gang rape, and related crimes in comparison to BNS.
5. Omission of Certain Sections: The Aparajita Bill has certain sections related to the age of offenders removed. This step will streamline the legal process and put more emphasis on the seriousness of the crime.
6. Speedy Investigations: The Bill mandates that investigations into rape cases must be completed within 21 days, with a possible extension of up to 15 days. The extension must be justified by a senior police officer.
7. Special Task Force: A district-level 'Aparajita Task Force,' led by a Deputy Superintendent of Police, will be established. The task force will be dedicated to investigating rape and sexual offenses.
8. Specialized and Fast-Track Courts: The Bill proposes the creation of 52 special courts to dedicatedly handle investigation teams and oversee cases of rape and sexual offenses against women and children efficiently.
9. Privacy Protections: The Bill introduces penalties for unauthorized printing or publishing of court proceedings related to rape cases. The offenders of this rule will have to face 3 to 5 years in prison and fines.
10. Victim-Centered Approach: The Bill aims to minimize the trauma experienced by victims and their families by ensuring swift justice and handling cases with sensitivity.

=>3 new criminal laws implemented: Three new criminal laws will come into effect across the country from 1 July 2024, bringing widespread changes in India's criminal justice system and ending colonial-era laws. Colonial-era criminal codes will make way for the newly enacted Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam from Monday with the government promising that it will completely overhaul the criminal justice.

=>Hindu marriage invalid without customary rituals: SC Registration of a marriage under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (HMA) will not confer any marital status to a couple unless their union is solemnised according to the rituals mentioned under the law, the Supreme Court has ruled.

=>Kovind committee submitted its report: on "one nation, one election" concept. The Committee held extensive consultations to understand the views of different stakeholders. 47 political parties submitted their views and suggestions, out of which 32 supported simultaneous elections. Many political parties had extensive discussions with the HLC on this matter. In response to a public notice published in newspapers in all the States and Union territories, 21,558 responses were received from citizens from all over India. 80 percent of the respondents supported simultaneous elections.  Experts on law such as four former Chief Justices of India and twelve former Chief Justices of major High Courts, four former Chief Election Commissioners of India, eight State Election Commissioners, and the Chairman, Law Commission of India were invited by the Committee for interaction in person. Views of the Election Commission of India were also sought

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=>Note for vote: SC rejected its own decision and ruled out that they would be prosecuted by the law, who found guilty for this cause.Supreme Court on Note for Vote Case: Today the Supreme Court has given a big decision on the case of 'Note for Vote'. In which case will be filed against the MLA-MP for giving a speech or voting in the House by taking money, they will not get legal immunity. 

=>Supreme Court calls electoral bonds scheme unconstitutional:

In a landmark unanimous judgment, the Supreme Court on Thursday struck down as “unconstitutional and manifestly arbitrary” the electoral bonds scheme, which provides blanket anonymity to political donors, as well as critical legal amendments allowing rich corporations to make unlimited political donations.

Read more here:    Electoral bonds are unconstitutional

=>The CAA was enacted in December 2019 and implemented: with the issue of a notification by the Union government, notifying the rules to fast-track citizenship for undocumented non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan who entered India on or before December 31, 2014, after having undergone religious persecution in their home countries. The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 2019 is a law that helps certain migrants become citizens of India. 

Read more, here:    Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019